Gingival Recession (Receding Gums) 

What Causes Gum Recession?

Several factors may contribute to gingival recession.

Aggressive Tooth Brushing

Brushing too hard or using an incorrect brushing technique can gradually wear away gum tissue. This type of recession is commonly seen on the front surface of the tooth and may be accompanied by a notch near the gum line.

Periodontal (Gum) Disease

Periodontal disease is an infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. As the disease progresses, inflammation and bone loss can occur, causing the gums to recede.

Risk factors include:

• Poor oral hygiene

• Smoking or tobacco use

• Diabetes

• Family history of periodontal disease

This type of recession often affects multiple surfaces of a tooth and may involve several teeth throughout the mouth.

Genetic Factors

Some individuals naturally have thinner gum tissue and thinner supporting bone. These patients may be more susceptible to gum recession, even with excellent oral hygiene.

Tooth Position and Bite Problems

Crooked teeth, crowded teeth, or an uneven bite can place excessive pressure on the gums and supporting bone. Deep bites, where the upper teeth excessively overlap the lower teeth, may also contribute to recession in specific areas.

Other Contributing Factors

Additional causes of gingival recession may include:

• Abnormal frenum (muscle) attachments

• Aggressive flossing techniques

• Fingernail or oral habit trauma

• Lip or tongue piercings

• Teeth grinding or clenching

How Is Gum Recession Treated?

Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the recession. When significant root exposure is present, gum grafting procedures may be recommended to restore lost tissue and protect the tooth.

Connective Tissue Graft

The most commonly performed procedure is a connective tissue graft.

During this procedure, a small piece of tissue is carefully taken from the palate (roof of the mouth) and positioned over the exposed root surface. The graft is then secured in place to encourage healing and integration with the surrounding gum tissue.

The procedure is performed under local anaesthetic and most patients experience only mild discomfort during recovery.

What Are the Benefits of Gum Grafting?

Gum grafting can:

• Cover exposed root surfaces

• Reduce tooth sensitivity

• Improve the appearance of the smile

• Protect against further recession

• Reduce the risk of root decay

• Improve long-term tooth stability

In many cases, substantial or complete root coverage can be achieved, depending on the anatomy of the defect and surrounding tissues.

How Can I Prevent Gum Recession?

While not all recession can be prevented, the following measures can significantly reduce your risk:

• Use a soft-bristled toothbrush

• Brush gently using the correct technique

• Floss carefully and consistently

• Maintain regular dental and periodontal examinations

• Seek treatment for gum disease early

• Consider orthodontic treatment if teeth are significantly crowded or misaligned

• Avoid habits that traumatise the gums

• Stop smoking and tobacco use

Regular monitoring allows early detection and treatment before recession becomes more severe.

Specialist Treatment for Receding Gums

As periodontists, we specialise in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of gum recession. Whether your concerns are sensitivity, aesthetics, or protecting the long-term health of your teeth, we can assess your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment options for your individual needs.

Book a consultation to assess the recession